The Rolex Explorer II, a watch synonymous with exploration and rugged durability, holds a special place in horological history. While the modern iterations are highly sought after, understanding the lineage of this iconic timepiece requires delving into its origins. This article focuses specifically on the genesis of the Explorer II, examining the 1972 model and its impact on the subsequent evolution of the watch, exploring its place in the current market, and addressing the variations available to collectors and enthusiasts today.
The year 1972 marks a pivotal moment in the Explorer II's history, though it’s crucial to understand that the reference 1655, often associated with that year, wasn't the first Explorer II. The story begins earlier, with Rolex's longstanding commitment to equipping explorers with reliable and robust timekeeping instruments. The original Explorer, introduced in 1953, was designed for mountaineering expeditions, notably the British Mount Everest expeditions. However, the demands of cave exploration and other ventures requiring prolonged periods of darkness highlighted a need for a more specialized tool watch.
This need led to the development of the reference 1655, the first true Explorer II. Unlike its predecessor, the 1655 featured a crucial addition: a 24-hour hand. This complication, initially appearing as an orange hand against a black dial, proved invaluable for distinguishing between AM and PM in challenging conditions, particularly during extended cave explorations where the sun's position wasn't readily available. The 1972 models represent the earliest examples of this groundbreaking feature, cementing the Explorer II's position as a dedicated tool watch for extreme environments.
The 1655: Key Features and Variations
The 1972 Rolex Explorer II, reference 1655, boasted several key features that defined its character and enduring appeal. These include:
* The 24-hour hand: As mentioned, this was the defining characteristic, facilitating straightforward timekeeping in situations lacking natural light. The orange hand, often described as having a “tropical” hue due to potential aging and fading, is a highly sought-after feature among collectors.
* The Oyster case: The robust Oyster case, a hallmark of Rolex, provided exceptional water resistance and protection against the elements. This is crucial for a watch intended for extreme use.
* The Calibre 1575 movement: This automatic movement, a workhorse of Rolex's, offered reliable performance and accuracy, vital for a tool watch that needed to perform flawlessly under pressure.
* The dial: The black dial, often showing signs of age and patina on vintage examples, features luminous hour markers and hands, ensuring legibility in low-light conditions. Variations in the lume (luminescent material) aging contribute to the unique character of each individual watch.
While the 1655 is generally associated with the "orange hand," some variations exist, including examples with faded or altered hand colors. These variations often command different prices on the collector's market, with those exhibiting strong original features fetching the highest values.
The Modern Explorer II and its Relationship to the 1972 Model
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